| 1. |
- Norin, Lizette, et al.
(författare)
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Housing adaptations and housing accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing spinal cord injury
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; , s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Adults with spinal cord injuries are living longer than previously, and a majority are living in ordinary housing in the community. Housing accessibility is important for maintaining independent occupational performance for this population, but knowledge in this area is insufficient. We investigated housing adaptations and current accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing (>10 years) spinal cord injuries. Method: Data from home visits among 122 older adults with spinal cord injuries in Sweden were used. Housing adaptations and environmental barriers were descriptively analysed. Findings: Kitchens, entrances, and hygiene areas were common locations for housing adaptations and environmental barriers that generated accessibility problems. The most common adaptations were ramps, wheelchair-accessible stovetops, and ceiling-lifts. Wall-mounted cupboards and high shelves (kitchen), inaccessible storage areas (outside the dwelling), and a lack of grabbars (hygiene area) generated the most accessibility problems. Conclusion: Despite housing adaptations, there are considerable accessibility problems in the dwellings of older adults with long-standing spinal cord injuries in Sweden, indicating that long-term follow-up of the housing situation of this population is necessary. Focusing on accessible housing as a prerequisite for occupational performance is at the core of occupational therapy, deserving attention on the individual as well as the societal level.
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| 2. |
- Nilsson, Maria H., et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the general self-efficacy scale in Parkinson's disease
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 132:2, s. 89-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). More specifically, we investigated data completeness, scaling assumptions, targeting, reliability, and construct validity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involves data available from two different projects that included people diagnosed with PD for at least 1 year, yielding two samples (1 and 2). The combined total sample (N = 346; 60% men) had a mean (SD) age and PD duration of 71 (8.9) and 9 years (6.3), respectively. Both samples received a self-administered survey by mail, which was administered twice in sample 2. Additional data (e.g., clinical assessments) were available for Sample 1.RESULTS: Total GSE scores were computable for 336 participants (97%). Corrected item-total correlations exceeded 0.4. Principal component analyses identified one component (the eigenvalue of the first component extracted was 6.9), explaining 69% of the total variance. Floor and ceiling effects were < 6%. Internal consistency (coefficient alpha) was 0.95. Analyses of test-retest reliability yielded (ICC) values from 0.69 to 0.80. The highest value refers to those (n = 47) with identical self-ratings of mobility (in the on condition) at both tests; the standard error of measurement was 3.1 points. Construct validity was further supported by correlations in accordance with a priori expectations.CONCLUSIONS: This study provides support for the validity and reliability of GSE scores in people with PD; the GSE can thus serve as a valuable outcome measurement in clinical practice and research.
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| 3. |
- Jörgensen, Sophie, et al.
(författare)
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Depressive symptoms among older adults with long-Term spinal cord injury : Associations with secondary health conditions, sense of coherence, coping strategies and physical activity
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 49:8, s. 644-651
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To assess the presence of depressive symptoms among older adults with long-Term spinal cord injury and investigate the association with sociodemographic and injury characteristics; and to determine how potentially modifiable factors, i.e. secondary health conditions, sense of coherence, coping strategies and leisure-Time physical activity, are associated with depressive symptoms. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: A total of 122 individuals (70% men, injury levels C1-L5, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale A-D), mean age 63 years, mean time since injury 24 years. Methods: Data from the Swedish Aging with Spinal Cord Injury Study, collected using the Geriatric Depression Scale-15, the 13-item Sense of Coherence Scale, the Spinal Cord Lesion-related Coping Strategies Questionnaire and the Physical Activity Recall Assessment for people with Spinal Cord Injury. Associations were analysed using multivariable linear regression. Results: A total of 29% reported clinically relevant depressive symptoms and 5% reported probable depression. Sense of coherence, the coping strategy Acceptance, neuropathic pain and leisure-Time physical activity explained 53% of the variance in depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Older adults with long-Term spinal cord injury report a low presence of probable depression. Mental health may be supported through rehabilitation that strengthens the ability to understand and confront life stressors, promotes acceptance of the injury, provides pain management and encourages participation in leisure-Time physical activity.
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| 4. |
- Nilsson, Maria H, et al.
(författare)
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Walking ability is a major contributor to fear of falling in people with Parkinson's disease: implications for rehabilitation.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Parkinson's Disease. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2042-0080 .- 2090-8083. ; 2012:Sep 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although fear of falling (FOF) is common in people with Parkinson's disease (PD), there is a lack of research investigating potential predictors of FOF. This study explored the impact of motor, nonmotor, and demographic factors as well as complications of drug therapy on FOF among people with PD. Postal survey data (including the Falls Efficacy Scale, FES) from 154 nondemented people with PD were analyzed using multiple regression analyses. Five significant independent variables were identified explaining 74% of the variance in FES scores. The strongest contributing factor to FOF was walking difficulties (explaining 68%), followed by fatigue, turning hesitations, need for help in daily activities, and motor fluctuations. Exploring specific aspects of walking identified three significant variables explaining 59% of FOF: balance problems, limited ability to climb stairs, and turning hesitations. These results have implications for rehabilitation clinicians and suggest that walking ability is the primary target in order to reduce FOF. Specifically, balance, climbing stairs, and turning seem to be of particular importance.
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| 5. |
- Iwarsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding User Involvement in Research in Aging and Health
- 2019
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Ingår i: Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 2333-7214. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- User involvement in research is advocated as an avenue for efficient societal developments. In this article, we identify potentials, problems, and challenges related to research on aging and health, and identify and illustrate research priorities using an evolving research program as an example. Involving user representatives in the development phase, the UserAge program engages researchers at four universities in Sweden. The program builds upon previous and ongoing research with user involvement. The goals are to maximize the impact of user involvement, enhance the execution of high-quality research, increase the knowledge about what difference user involvement can make, and evaluate the impact of research about and with user involvement. Taken together and communicated in the international scientific community as well as in a wide range of public arenas, the empirical results, capacity-building, and modeling efforts of UserAge will have an impact not only on the present situation but also on the future.
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| 6. |
- Jonasson, Stina B., et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric evaluation of the Parkinson’s disease Activities of Daily Living Scale
- 2017
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Ingår i: Parkinson's Disease. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-8083 .- 2042-0080.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate a set of psychometric properties (i.e., data completeness, targeting andexternal construct validity) of the Parkinson’s disease Activities of Daily Living Scale (PADLS) in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Specific attention was paid to the association between PADLS and PD severity, according to the Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) staging. Methods: The sample included 251 persons with PD (mean age 70 [SD 9] years). The data collection comprised a self-administered postal survey, structured interviews and clinical assessments at home visits. Results: Data completeness was 99.6% and the mean PADLS score was 2.1. Floor and ceiling effects were 22% and 2%, respectively. PADLS scores were more strongly associated (rs>0.5) with perceived functional independence, dependence in ADL, walking difficulties and self- rated PD severity than with variables such as PD duration and cognitive function (rs<0.5).PADLS scores differed across H&Y stages (Kruskal-Wallis test, p<0.001). Those in H&Y stages IV-V had more ADL disability than those in stage III (Mann-Whitney U-test, p<0.001), whereas there were no significant differences between the other stages. Conclusion: The PADLS revealed excellent data completeness, acceptable targeting and external construct validity. It seems to be well suited as a rough estimate of ADL disability inpeople with PD.
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| 7. |
- Löfqvist, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Mobility and mobility-related participation outcomes of powered wheelchair and scooter interventions after 4-months and 1-year use
- 2012
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 7:3, s. 211-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim was to investigate outcomes of powered wheelchair and scooter interventions after 4-months and 1-year use regarding need for assistance when moving around, frequency of mobility-related participation, easiness/difficulty in mobility during participation, and number of participation aspects performed in everyday life.METHOD: The study was a prospective cohort study, using an instrument focusing on mobility-related participation outcomes of mobility device interventions (NOMO 1.0), at baseline, after 4-months and 1-year use.RESULTS: The results show that the outcomes in terms of participation frequency and easiness in mobility occur in a short time perspective, and that the effects remained stable at 1-year follow-up. The frequency of going for a walk increased most prominently (26%). Even though the majority of the participation aspects were not performed, more often they became easier to perform: 56-91% found that shopping, walking and visiting family/friends were easier. Moreover, independence outdoors and indoors increased.CONCLUSIONS: This small study provides knowledge about the outcomes of powered wheelchairs and scooters in terms of mobility and mobility-related participation in real-life situations. The study supports results from former studies, but even so, larger studies are required in order to provide evidence for the effectiveness of powered wheelchairs and scooters. [Box: see text].
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| 8. |
- Månsson Lexell, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational Adaptation in People With Multiple Sclerosis
- 2011
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Ingår i: OTJR (Thorofare, N.J.). - : SAGE Publications. - 1539-4492 .- 1938-2383. ; 31:3, s. 127-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to gain an enhanced understanding of how people with multiple sclerosis experience their occupational adaptation. Ten people with multiple sclerosis were interviewed and the constant comparative method was used to analyze the data. Their occupational adaptation was experienced as a constant struggle and non-linear, and served as the means of achieving either a desired self or a desired family life. Adaptations of occupations differed according to the evolving goals of the participants. The findings showed that the participants often selected occupational adaptations to meet their family needs over their own. These findings can help professionals to establish where their clients with multiple sclerosis are in the adaptation process and offer appropriate client-centered interventions.
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| 9. |
- Pettersson, Cecilia, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Housing accessibility for senior citizens in Sweden : Estimation of the effects of targeted elimination of environmental barriers.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 25:6, s. 407-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To estimate the effects of targeted elimination of environmental barriers (EB) in the ordinary housing stock in Sweden, and to explore the estimated effects on accessibility at a population level in relation to (a) residents with different functional profiles, (b) different housing types and (c) building periods.METHOD: Data on dwellings from existing Swedish research databases were utilized. EB and accessibility were assessed by means of the Housing Enabler instrument. In simulations of EB removal, five items that correspond to the most common housing adaptations were selected. The simulations were applied to four functional profiles of different complexity.RESULT: EB known to be commonly removed by housing adaptations exist in large proportions of the existing ordinary housing stock. Estimated targeted elimination of selected barriers would have the largest accessibility effects for the more complex functional profiles. The effects would be consistently larger for one-family houses, and for all types of dwellings built before 1960.CONCLUSIONS: The elimination of the EB most commonly addressed by housing adaptations could result in a reduction of the housing accessibility problems that community-living older people are facing. For society to solve the housing situation for the ageing population well-informed and efficient upgrading of ordinary housing is imperative.
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| 10. |
- Timpka, Jonathan, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced workforce participation 5 years prior to first Parkinson’s disease sick-leave
- 2018
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Ingår i: npj Parkinson's Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2373-8057. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of understanding the prodromal phase of Parkinson’s disease (PD) by systematic recording of prediagnostic symptoms and reductions in body functions has been highlighted. The aim of this study was to investigate whether persons later diagnosed with PD exhibit increased physician-certified sickness absence 1, 2, and 5 years prior to a first sick-leave episode attributed to PD. A case-control study was performed to analyze data from all nontrivial (exceeding 14 days) sick-leave episodes in Sweden between 2008 and 2014. The 537 incident PD sick-leave episodes were identified as PD sick-leave cases and compared to 537 sick-leave controls identified by matching age, sex, and date of the first day of the sick-leave episode. The total sickness absence and sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diagnoses were found to be increased among the PD sick-leave cases from 5 years prior to the first sick-leave episode ascribed to PD when compared to the controls. No differences between PD sick-leave cases and sick-leave controls were found with regard to mental and behavioral diagnoses. We conclude that the capacity to participate in working life is reduced already at the early prediagnostic stages of PD. This finding can be used as a basis for further research into the process of identifying individuals at risk for developing PD, particularly in combination with further investigation into biochemical, genetic, and imaging biomarkers.
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